| Geographic Information Area - 24,600 sq.
km
Population - 1,327,000
Lands of the Mykolaiv region spread out in the south of Ukraine, in the basin of the lower
reach of the Southern Bug river, its territory is over 24.6 thousand sq. km.
The region borders on three administrative regions of Ukraine, and in the south its
territory occupies several hundred kilometers of the shoreline of the Black Sea and its
estuaries. The Dniprovsko-Buzky, Buzky, Beresansky, and Tylygulsky estuaries cut deep
inland and create a striking web of water stretches.
The specific natural conditions of the region refer it to the steppe zone. The climate is
moderate and continental with a mild low snow winter and a hot dry summer. Natural and
climatic conditions of the region are favorable for intensive high efficiency development
of agriculture.
85 more than 10 km long rivers flow through the region's territory. The main river, which
crosses the region from the northwest to the southeast, is the Southern Bug with the
tributaries Ingul, Kodyma and others. The Ingulets, the Dnipro's tributary, flows in the
east of the region. There are many ponds and water storage with a total water surface area
over 13 thousand hectares in the region. Rivers and ponds are mainly used for irrigation
of farm crops and fishing.
Occupying over 4.1% of the country's area, the region takes one of the lowest places in
the density of population -54. 8 people per sq. km. As of 1 January 1998 the population
amounted to 2.6% of the total population of Ukraine. About 60 % of the urban population
reside in Mykolaiv, it's the administrative, industrial, and cultural center of the
region.
Administratively the region is divided into 19 districts. It has 5 regional subordination
towns, 20 town type villages and over 919 rural settlements.
The leading place in the structure of farming in northern districts is held by cereal and
beet crop growing along with a developed dairy and beef animal husbandry and in the
southern ones by cereal crop, vegetable oil, vegetable and fruit growing along with beef
and dairy livestock breeding.
Mineral and raw material resources in the region are represented by large resources of
building materials. Deposits of variegated granites featuring a broad range of colors and
high decorative properties, from which decorative facing products are manufactured, are of
great importance for the whole country. Explored resources of four granite deposits
contain 20,000,000 cu. m., which is about 10 % of the resources in Ukraine.
Among other building materials, explored resources of building stone predominate. There
are over 480,000,000 cu. m (6.2% of the resources in Ukraine) of this material for making
rubble stone and crushed rock. Resources of carbonaceous and clayey rocks(raw materials
for manufacture of cement) reach 85,000,000 tons (3.5% of the resources in Ukraine).
Deposits of limestone, gneisses, quartz sands and clay for manufacture of lime, bricks,
road materials, etc. are of an industrial importance as well. Cobalt nickel ore resources
have been explored in the region. There are over 3,000,000 tons (7% of the resources in
Ukraine) of it, mineral water springs, therapeutic mud, etc.occur there.
Favorable factors of the economic geographic location of the Mykolaiv region is its
closeness to the large industrial centers of the Donetsk-Dnipro region and the outlet to
the Black Sea. This increases the region's significance in the territorial division of
labor, conditions the development of seaport facilities, of the sea transport and
recreation facilities, they are of state and international importance.
Natural resources of the region, acquired experience in the foreign economic cooperation,
existence of various forms of ownership open up broad opportunities for an effective
utilization of investments of foreign partners.
|
Industry
The Mykolaiv region is a highly developed industrial region of the state, which has a high
capacity multi sectional industry that holds a very important place in the national
economy complex of Ukraine.
In the national division of labor, the region produces up to 2.5% of the industrial
output. Industrial enterprises of the region make up 50% of the output of the shipbuilding
in Ukraine, over 90% of the manufacture of gas turbines and 80% of alumina -the starting
material for aluminum production, etc.
The leading industry is shipbuilding represented in the regional center by the large state
owned enterprises "Black Sea Shipbuilding Yard", "61 Komunar Shipbuilding
Yard", and joint stock company "Ocean", which is in the state of
privatization. Main products of these high capacity enterprises are tankers, bulk
carriers, refrigerator ships, trawlers, floating hotels, launches, etc. The same sector
includes a number of enterprises manufacturing the ship's equipment.
The production association "Zoria" and research and production association
"Mashproekt" manufacture multipurpose gas turbine engines which are used both
for equipment of naval vessels and ships and for natural gas transportation and electric
power generation.
The privatized joint stock company "Pervomaisky works 'Dizelmash'" manufactures
diesel engines, diesel generators and diesel gas generators. Joint stock companies
"Mykolaiv Lubricating and Filtering Equipment Works" and "'Dormashina'
Works" (being at the stage of privatization) manufacture asphalt spreaders, they are
manufacturer monopolists in Ukraine. The privatized joint stock enterprise
"Pervomaisky Works 'Fregat'" manufactures sprinkling machines.
The region has also a number of electrical engineering and electronic industry enterprises
staffed with highly skilled personnel. The leading enterprises of these sectors are joint
stock companies that are at the stage of privatization - "Ingul",
"Fakon", "Edmma", and others.
The share of output of the machine building and metalworking industry of the region makes
2.8% of that of Ukraine and 16% of the region's industrial output.
A leading place in the industrial potential of the region is also held by nonferrous
metallurgy represented by one of Europe largest aluminum industry enterprises the joint
stock company "Mykolaiv Alumina Works" with a capacity of 1,000,000 tons of
alumina a year, which also is at the stage of privatization. The plant exports about 90%
of its product to other countries and obtains finished aluminum in exchange.
The power industry of the region includes five enterprises, the leading of which is the
production association "South Ukrainian NPP". The nuclear power plant generates
up to 20 bln. kWh of electric power a year, which thrice exceeds the region's
requirements. The share of the region's power industry amounts to 11.5% of the total
electric power generation in the state and to 25.3% of the electric power generated by
nuclear power plants of Ukraine.
The building materials industry, based on the mining of local deposits of building raw
materials, is well developed in the region. It includes the public joint stock company
"Yuhcement", whose annual capacity is over 1,000,000 tons of cement, brick
plants whose total capacity exceeds 500,000,000 of equivalent bricks a year, reinforced
concrete product plants whose total annual capacity is 550 thousand cu. m, etc. In the
region's northern part there are enterprises that make crushed rock and granite products.
The light industry includes considerable garment factories manufacturing men's, women's,
and children's clothes (joint stock companies "Elvis", "Santa
Ukraina", "Iskra", "Yuzhanka", "Chaika",
"Raduha"), knitwear and haberdashery (joint stock companies "Aura",
"Anhola"), raw leather, leather haberdashery and various footwear (joint stock
companies "Vozko", "Nikkozh", and "Niko"). This sector
produces up to 5% of the total output of the Ukrainian light industry. |
Industry (Continued) Capacities of joint
stock companies "Hileia" and "Tavriia" provide for processing up to 10
thousand tons of sugar beets a day. The region has also a confectionery plant, 10 food and
flavor factories, two breweries and two canned food plants. The joint stock company
"Chervoni Vitryla" ("Red Sails") has considerable capacities for
manufacture of various perfumery and cosmetics.
The region has also quite a number of seafood processing enterprises, the largest of which
is the joint stock company "Ochakiv Canned Fish Works", whose capacity is up to
16,000,000 equivalent cans a year. Products of this enterprise (various canned, frozen,
salted, and smoked fish) are in a great demand.
In addition, food industry enterprises of the consumers' cooperative society, tens of
sausage, canned food, and fish processing shops as well as 450 processing minishops at
farms and in the private sector are functioning in the region. These enterprises
manufacture over 500 various foodstuffs a year.
Transport and Communications
The Mykolaiv region has a highly developed transport system which includes the railway,
sea, river, motor, air, and pipeline transport.
The operational length of railway tracks within the region's boundaries is of 0.8 thousand
km, which amounts to 31.1 km per thousand sq. km of the region's area (for Ukraine -38
km). All lines serve mainly for a transit transportation. The transportation is carried
out by the Kherson, Znamianka and Odessa divisions of the Odessa railway. At the region's
territory there are 53 railway stations, the largest of which are Mykolaiv, Voznesensk,
Pervomaisk- on-Bug, Kolosivka and Snegurivka.
Agro Industrial Complex
The agriculture is the region's material production sector that is the second in the
output and the first in the manpower employment. The region's farmland area exceeds
2,000,000 hectares, of which about 85% are arable lands (over 5% of the areas in Ukraine);
13.7% -pastures and hay meadows and 2% -fruit and berry plantations. The arable land area
per resident of the region is of about 1.3 hectares, which is twice as many as in Ukraine
on the average, and per agricultural worker over 11 hectares. This is one of the highest
indicators in the country. Farms of the region have up to 200 thousand hectares of
irrigated lands. These specific features of the Mykolaiv region open up great
opportunities for investments in the agriculture, aimed at application of industrial
technologies, high capacity and high effective machinery.
The agricultural production in the region is carried out by collective agricultural
enterprises and private farms. The region's share in the country's agricultural output
reaches 3%.
The agricultural production structure is crop growing animal breeding one. The share of
crop growing products in the total output reaches 60%. Main crops grown in the region are
cereals (winter wheat, summer barley, corn), which occupy over 40% of sown areas,
industrial crops (sunflower and sugar beets), vegetables and melon crops. Gardening and
wine growing are also developed.
The region's average annual output makes up to 2,000,000 tons of grain, over 200 thousand
tons of sunflower, 800 thousand tons of sugar beets, over 250 thousand tons of vegetables,
etc. The region's share in the national production of grain reaches 5.6% (of winter wheat,
6,5%), and of sunflower, about 13%.
A developed plant growing, where the share of forage crops is considerable, is a good base
for the animal husbandry, which is of meat and dairy character. Up to 30% of horned cattle
and over 46% of pigs are held in personal private holdings.
|
